动词现在分词变化规则,动词的现在分词的几种变法
动词现在分词
作者动词现在分词变化规则:刘尚谦 转贴自:动词现在分词 点击数:838
动词现在分词由动词原形在词尾加ing构成,其规则如下:
构成规则 例词
一般情况下直接加ingthink—thinking
sleep—sleeping
study—studying
speak—speaking
say—saying
carry—carrying
以不发音的字母e结尾的单词,去掉字母e,再加ingwake—waking
make—making
come—coming
take—taking
leave—leaving
have—having
以重读闭音节结尾,呈现“辅,元,辅”结构的动词,先双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing
stop—stopping
sit—sitting
run—running
forget—forgetting
begin—beginning
以ie结尾的动词,把ie改为y ,再加ing die—dying
lie—lying
以重读闭音节结尾,呈现“辅,元,辅”结构的动词,先双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing 。初中学过的这类词有:bigin,cut, get,
hit, run, set, sit, spit, stop, swim, beg, drop, fit, nod, dig,
forget, regret, rid, 等。
travel虽然重读第一音节,词尾音节不重读,但是现在分词仍要双写末尾辅音字母,然后再加ing
,如:travel—travelling.初中阶段此类词只有这一个。
分析:
现在分词的构成方法如下 : 一般情况下,直接在动词原形后面加 -ing.
going asking finding working being seeing printing raining standing studying speaking spelling
以不发音的-e 结尾的动词,去-e ,再加-ing。如: coming taking firing encircling writing becoming breathing leaving
闭音节的单音节词,或以重读闭音节结尾的多音节词,这些词的末尾只有一个辅音字母时,双写这个辅音字母,再加 -ing.
sitting running getting cutting stopping beginning planning permitting
规则动词的过去式由“动词原形+-ed”构成,具体变化有:
1. 直接在词尾加-ed。如: want—wanted, work—worked, need—needed, clean—cleaned
2. 以不发音的e结尾的在词尾加-d。如:like—liked, live—lived, use—used, move—moved
3. 以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,先双写结尾的辅音字母,再加-ed。如:stop—stopped, trip—tripped
4. 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先把y变成i,再加-ed。如:study—studied, carry—carried, hurry—hurried, marry—married
不规则动词的过去式见课本后的不规则动词表。大体上归纳有以下六条记忆法: 1. 以t结尾的词,过去式与原形相同。如:put—put, let—let, cut—cut, beat—beat 2. 以d结尾的词,把d变成t。如:build—built, lend—lent, send—sent, spend—spent 3. 以n结尾的词,在词后加t。如:mean—meant, burn—burnt, learn—learnt 4. 以ow / aw结尾的词,把ow / aw变成ew。如:blow—blew, draw—drew, know—knew, grow—grew 5. 含有双写字母的词,将双写改为单写,在词尾加t。如:keep—kept, sleep—slept, feel—felt, smell—smelt 6. 含有元音字母o / i的词,将o / i变成a。如:sing—sang, give—gave, sit—sat, drink—drank
规则动词词尾加-ed有三种读音: 1. 在清辅音后读作[t]。如:asked, helped, watched, stopped 2在浊辅音和元音后读作[d]。如:enjoyed, studied, moved, called 3. 在t / d后读作[id]。如:wanted, needed